Skip to main content

Emphasis II

Back on the subject of emphasis and we can see how we can make the negative more or less emphatic by the simple separation or contraction of the modal negative idea:

She does not like chocolate - more emphatic
She doesn’t like chocolate - less emphatic

In our negative question, the separation of the negative will force the emphatic not to return to its preverbal emphatic position leaving the emphatic inversion of does and she intact:

Doesn’t she like chocolate?
Does she not like chocolate?

Here we can see that the pre-verb position holds the true key emphatic position.


When we look at this in illustrated form, we can see how the emphasis provokes a kind of dip or stop, in the sentence, before the release of the verb. Furthermore, the more marked our dip (or stop) is, the greater the emphasis we create. Conversely, the smoother our horizontal line of projection is, the less emphatic our sentence becomes.
It also becomes easier to understand that the smoother our line is, that’s to say - the more horizontal the angle we drive our phrase at is, the more contraction we may add.

It becomes clear that it is this aspect of emphasis which controls the emphatic value of the modality of a verb action, aids the creation of the negative forms, allows the function of inversion and is further fundamentally essential in the formation of interrogatives:

I can eat chocolate.
I must not eat chocolate.
Do you eat chocolate! My god!
Would you like some chocolate?

Emphatic Adverbs

Furthermore, I can add adverbs (such as adverbs of frequency: e.g. always; never ) in this important position.

Understanding this further clears up any doubt as to where an emphatic form should go.




Emphatic Quantifiers

Quantifiers (such as really), unlike the emphatic adverbs, do not take the full weight of the marked emphasis, rather, they act as a lead in to the emphatic word, helping to bridge the gap. Their position is higher than that of the emphatic adverbs and this allows the placement of the verb or even the auxiliary in the position of stronger emphasis.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

How the Present Perfect Tense works

Timeline - How the Present Perfect Tense works Experiences The essence of the present perfect tense pulls the verbal expression down, inside us. This movement reflects our experience and even belief and true knowledge, which even in mediaeval times was placed in the heart. The sense we are aiming for is very similar in all of the following three examples: • I have visited the Louvre. • I believe in aliens. • I know it’s true. No Details The movement physically collapses our lungs. For this reason we do not go into detail, because in simple structures, we can not add extensive information. To add detail of past experiences, we typically use the simple and progressive past tense or use an adverb. • There has been a plane crash • A Transatlantic flight out of Paris crashed at 7.45 pm, twenty minutes after take off. Nobody was killed …etc. Recent Time In a similar movement - a slight variation on the theme - the expression is pulled back and released until the

Chart of Modal Inflection

With each movement and directional vector (or sense) of each modal, we can start to map out the areas of modal expression. The chart (illustrated above) shows how each aspect is directed;a skill we certainly need to emulate, if we are to give the correct language signals. As the chart shows , the high area is reserved for probability, the degree of which ranges from positive certainty through possibility to uncertainty at the back of the head. The forward area (ahead of the eye) carries the different notions of future modality, rising from the low downward driven decisive intention or acceptance (will) and determination (shall) through obligation(must), permission (may) and advice – or deferred obligation (should) to prediction (will) and desire (will, must, should). The past forms are set back or directed behind us, with past probability looped high in speculation but ending low - so as to combine with the auxiliary have and the past pa

Infinitive or Gerund - Part 1

Infinitive or Gerund - ? The area of infinitive or gerund is as much of a headache for students as it is for teachers. On the other hand, the native speaker has a perfect control over the choice. Again, it all comes down to the instinctive use of language and to how our brains have programmed the information in terms of the positional dynamic of pronunciation.  Back in the classroom, however, many teachers still use the old tedious method of list learning which essentially achieves two purposes: 1. That the teacher, having the lists, is shown to be knowledgeable. 2. That certain students will excel at list-learning, gaining confidence at the expense of others. Assuming that the area needs to be learnt in such a fashion, native speakers would need to learn in the same way and if the area was actually difficult or confusing, many natural errors would, in fact, result. Of course, in reality, no errors are made by native speakers when choosing a gerund or infinitive in